As Nigeria’s second democratically elected president to serve two terms, Buhari’s time in office left behind a complex legacy marked by economic shifts, security challenges, and drastic policy moves. This article takes a data-driven look at eight key events that defined his administration and how they shaped Nigeria’s future.
Sluggish Economic Growth
Nigeria’s GDP rose from ₦95.18 trillion in 2015 to ₦212.75 trillion in 2022. However, growth was inconsistent as it was marked by two recessions, leaving average citizens feeling little relief despite the figures.
Soaring Inflation
Inflation climbed from 9.01% in 2015 to over 20% by 2022, with food prices driving most of the increase. By 2023, food inflation alone had hit 24.34%, straining household incomes across the country.
Naira in Free Fall
The exchange rate ballooned from ₦222.78/$1 in 2015 to over ₦760/$1 by 2023 (black market), making imports costlier and weakening purchasing power for most Nigerians.
Debt Explosion
Public debt rose from ₦12.6 trillion in 2015 to nearly ₦46.2 trillion by 2022. Much of this was driven by borrowing to cover budget deficits, infrastructure, and rising subsidy bills.
Unemployment Crisis
Youth unemployment surged from 12.8% in 2015 to 42.5% in 2020. Underemployment also remained high, reflecting the lack of decent jobs in a fast-growing population.
Security Challenges Persisted
Nigeria witnessed worsening insecurity with high-profile incidents like the Kaduna-Abuja train attack, Lekki toll gate shooting, and school kidnappings in Zamfara and Yobe. Boko Haram remained a threat, and banditry escalated in the North.
#EndSARS and Youth Discontent
In October 2020, young Nigerians took to the streets to protest police brutality. The movement culminated in the Lekki Toll Gate shooting – a pivotal and tragic moment that tainted Buhari’s reputation among the youth.
Infrastructure Push
Despite fiscal constraints, the administration completed key infrastructure projects, including:
- Abuja-Kaduna Railway
- Itakpe-Warri Railway
- Enugu International Airport
- Federal secretariats and roads across multiple states
